WHAT IS ANALOG SIGNAL ITS PROPERTIES ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Analog signal is a signal contious in time ie it varies according to the time.

which is simple words is that when going from one point to other let us say
from point A to point B it will include infine values along it travelling path



Analog Signal




Analog signal has a property that it uses the property of the medium to carry the message for example Pressure of the sound wave continously varies with the the voltage .
An analog signal can be depicted using three properties

• Amplitude
• Phase
• Frequency

Amplitude- Amplitude is the property of analog signal that variesaccordingly as it moves .The maximum amplitude of a signal is the maximum distance from horizontal axis to the vertical axis depicting the analog signal
　

Amplitude of Analog Signal

Minimum Amplitude is the the distance from horizontal axis from the negitive veritical axis if any
If not it is the minimum distance of horizontal axis to the verical



Frequency -

The number of cycles completed by wave form per unit time is defined to be frequency

Frequency = 1/ time period　

Phase

In sinusoidal functions or in waves has two different, but closely related, meanings. One is the initial angle of a sinusoidal function at its
origin and is sometimes called phase offset. Another usage is the fraction of the wave cycle which has elapsed relative to the origin


Analog signal is of two types -

• Synchronous Analog Signal

• Asynchronous Analog Signal
  　

Synchronous Analog Signal - A synchronous analog signal is the one which is which repeats its pattern over time over and over again
The best example of a synchronous signal is a Sine wave ie a function of type "sinwt " it forms a continous pattern attaining same maximum and minimum amplitute over and over again over a period of time

synchronous analog signal

The maximum value for the sine wave is 1 and the minimum is 0 as it moves along its path

Asynchronous analog signal

Asynchronous Analog Signal - A asynchronous analog signal is one which does not form a continous pattern of wave over particular tie as it moves along its path .It usually forms irregular patterns along its movement along path

　

Advantages of Analog Signal

.

 Music and speech as well as most other sound is analog. We interpret analog audio signals almost instantly, and without even thinking about it. Without analog signals, most of our listening activities are for nothing.

• One of the major advantages of the analog signal is that they have power to define infinite amount of data.
• Density of the analog signals is much higher as compared to digital ones.
• Analog signals have easy processing.

 
Disadvantages of Analog Signal



Losses In Analog Signal

Noise In Analog Signal　The primary disadvantage of analog signaling is that any system has

Noise -random unwanted variation. As the signal is copied and re-copied, or transmitted over long distances, these apparently random variations become dominant.


The effects of noise create signal loss and distortion. This is impossible to recover

Disortion in Analog Signal - It is defined to be the change of shape in sigal getting transmitted from one point to the other or from the source to the destinationInduced Noise

Thermal Noise- Noise due to random motion of electrons cause this type of noise in the signal and the shape of signal gets disorted because of this





Thermal noise in analog Signal



Attenuation
- It is loss of energy in the signal as it is transmitted from the source in destination.This mostly occurs in case the signal has to be transferred over a long distance to overcome this effect we use amplifiers which amplify the signal . But their is a problem in this case when we amplify the given signal the noise also gets amplified if the noise is induced in the signal



Attenuation



For instance, sunlight is attenuated by dark glasses